Abstract: To address the challenges posed by complex hydrogeological conditions on the containment property of underground water-sealed oil storage in severe cold regions, this study aims to investigate the influence of seasonal hydrological environment on groundwater seepage field. Based on an underground water-sealed oil storage project in northern China, a three-dimensional fracture network hydrogeological model was developed by integrating field investigation and monitoring data. The effects of seasonal precipitation, river level fluctuations, and climatic temperature variations on the seepage field were systematically analyzed by numerical simulation. The results indicate that, the established model effectively characterizes the seepage field characteristics under complex hydrogeological conditions in cold regions. For the studied project, seasonal precipitation significantly influences the groundwater level, causing fluctuations ranging from 3.4 m to 7.9 m. The impact of seasonal river level variations on the seepage field is relatively limited. While climatic temperature variations exert minor effects on groundwater temperature, the average air temperature notably affects water inflow of the caverns. Under conditions where surface freezing in winter cuts off precipitation infiltration recharge, the water curtain system effectively maintains groundwater level stability. Furthermore, the temperature difference between northern and southern strata significantly influences water inflow.